Adam Guenoun, Indira Martinez, Nicholas Solis
Within this analysis, we’ll investigate factors correlated to diabetes. With a data set of 100,000 people, this investigation allows us to display relations between ages, HbA1c levels, smoking history, and glucose levels. With a wide range of data points, we begin to question if there are trends within this data that match our general understanding of diabetes. Our goal is to asses which of the 9 variables play a stronger role to the development of diabetes and if we can prove trends to better support our assumptions of this data. Through data visualization, chart analysis, and numerical analysis we will be able to present this data to convicne a general audience of the important factors that contribute to diabteic trends.
| gender | age | hypertension | heart_disease | smoking_history | bmi | HbA1c_level | blood_glucose_level | diabetes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 80 | 0 | 1 | never | 25.19 | 6.6 | 140 | 0 |
| Female | 54 | 0 | 0 | No Info | 27.32 | 6.6 | 80 | 0 |
| Male | 28 | 0 | 0 | never | 27.32 | 5.7 | 158 | 0 |
| Female | 36 | 0 | 0 | current | 23.45 | 5.0 | 155 | 0 |
| Male | 76 | 1 | 1 | current | 20.14 | 4.8 | 155 | 0 |
| Female | 20 | 0 | 0 | never | 27.32 | 6.6 | 85 | 0 |
For this part we will focus only on the HbA1c levels for males and females.
Overall, blood sugar regulation patterns appear balanced between both genders.
| gender | diabetes | HbA1c_level | HbA1c_category |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 0 | 6.6 | Diabetic ≥ 6.5% |
| Female | 0 | 6.6 | Diabetic ≥ 6.5% |
| Male | 0 | 5.7 | Prediabetic 5.7% - 6.4% |
| Female | 0 | 5.0 | Normal < 5.7% |
| Male | 0 | 4.8 | Normal < 5.7% |
| gender | HbA1c_category | n | percent |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | Diabetic ≥ 6.5% | 11835 | 20.21280 |
| Female | Normal < 5.7% | 22492 | 38.41372 |
| Female | Prediabetic 5.7% - 6.4% | 24225 | 41.37348 |
| Male | Diabetic ≥ 6.5% | 8959 | 21.62443 |
| Male | Normal < 5.7% | 15358 | 37.06976 |
Our density plot supports the correlation between aging and disease prevalence between two different groups, the first group are individuals with all three conditions and the second group are individuals who are free from all three these conditions.
Older individuals (50+) are much more likely to have diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension.
Younger individuals (under 50) are more likely to be free of these conditions.
| age | diabetes | heart_disease | hypertension | group |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 57 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Diabetes, H.D, and Hyp. |
| 62 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Diabetes, H.D, and Hyp. |
| 62 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Diabetes, H.D, and Hyp. |
| 67 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Diabetes, H.D, and Hyp. |
| 72 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Diabetes, H.D, and Hyp. |
| age | heart_disease | diabetes | hypertension | group |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 54 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Free of Diabetes, H.D, and Hyp. |
| 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Free of Diabetes, H.D, and Hyp. |
| 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Free of Diabetes, H.D, and Hyp. |
| 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Free of Diabetes, H.D, and Hyp. |
| 79 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Free of Diabetes, H.D, and Hyp. |
The graph below is separated by whether or not a person has
hypertension. With the comparison of BMI as the range, it’s seen that
majority of people with and without hypertension lie within a BMI range
of 25-29. Notice that for people with hypertension, the desnity
population above the red line is greater than that of people without
hypertension; indicating that there’s a larger of population of people
with hypertension that have a larger BMI
Outliers or extreme values might appear as small bulges or extended
tails at the ends of the chart, showing individuals with very high or
low BMI.
| gender | age | hypertension | heart_disease | smoking_history | bmi | HbA1c_level | blood_glucose_level | diabetes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 80 | 0 | 1 | never | 25.19 | 6.6 | 140 | 0 |
| Female | 54 | 0 | 0 | No Info | 27.32 | 6.6 | 80 | 0 |
| Male | 28 | 0 | 0 | never | 27.32 | 5.7 | 158 | 0 |
| Female | 36 | 0 | 0 | current | 23.45 | 5.0 | 155 | 0 |
| Male | 76 | 1 | 1 | current | 20.14 | 4.8 | 155 | 0 |
Comparing blood glucose levels by diabetes status only for individuals from ages 3-80. We selected this age range because here we have the youngest and oldest people with diabetes.
For individuals with no diabetes, a blood sugar level can range from 120–140 mg/dL after 2-3 hours of eating.
For individuals with diabetes, a blood sugar level can range from 200+ mg/dL after 2-3 hours of eating.
| age | diabetes | blood_glucose_level |
|---|---|---|
| 80 | No Diabetes | 140 |
| 54 | No Diabetes | 80 |
| 28 | No Diabetes | 158 |
| 36 | No Diabetes | 155 |
| 76 | No Diabetes | 155 |
Here we will compare the age and BMI of individuals with heart disease only and individuals with diabetes only. We can observe that there is a common BMI of 27.32 for both conditions.
An overweight BMI ranges from 25.0 -29.9 , with this information we conclude that many individuals from both conditions are categorized as overweight.
| age | bmi | diabetes | condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| 44 | 19.31 | 1 | Diabetes Only |
| 67 | 27.32 | 1 | Diabetes Only |
| 50 | 27.32 | 1 | Diabetes Only |
| 73 | 25.91 | 1 | Diabetes Only |
| 53 | 27.32 | 1 | Diabetes Only |
| age | bmi | heart_disease | condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| 80 | 25.19 | 1 | Heart Disease Only |
| 76 | 20.14 | 1 | Heart Disease Only |
| 72 | 27.94 | 1 | Heart Disease Only |
| 67 | 27.32 | 1 | Heart Disease Only |
| 77 | 32.02 | 1 | Heart Disease Only |
Each person within this scale has heart disease. Here a comparison is made between declared underweight and overweight people, grouped by sex, based on a BMI scale. There’s a significant increase in population percentage for those who are considered overweight and that have heart disease. With visual aid, it can be concluded that as weight increases, chances of heart disease will increase.
The data here is heavily dependent on BMI scale. It is important to note that BMI is not really a great determination for those who have diabetes, but there is a general trend within the data that people who have a BMI over 30 are more likely to be diabetic.
This depicts the different categories of HbA1c levels and their
relation to patients hypertension status
This graph shows the population density of men based on diabetes status, based on age range
This graph shows the population density of women based on diabetes status, based on age range
Within this analysis we’ve scaled: - Diabetes status based by age and sex - Relations towards BMI and Hypertension status - Shared populations between Diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension status - HbA1c trends among sexes - Glucose levels dependent by diabetes status - Smoking status and its relation to Diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension
From this we were able to to effectively show and defend our general assumptions about diabetes and its co factors
Limitations:
This data does not indicate whether our diabetic patients are type 1 or type 2 diabetic
This data is generated from various studies, making up the 100,000 patients
Blood glucose levels were not detailed on how this data was retrieved